Jaw-dropping
revelations about the despot's main residences
Adolf
Hitler's residences were the settings for key events in the
murderous dictator's dysfunctional – and frankly disturbing –
private life. The angst-ridden scenes of suicides and assassination
attempts, these properties harbor plenty of dark secrets. We reveal
the shocking truth behind the Nazi despot's homes.
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Prinzregentenplatz
16, Munich: Hitler's private apartment
The
dictator divided his time between four main properties. Hitler was
living in a plush nine-room apartment on Munich's
Prinzregentenplatz when he declared himself Führer in 1934, and
used the property thereafter as a place to stay and meet
dignitaries when he was visiting the Southern German city.
Hitler
had moved into the apartment in 1929. The property was financed by
Nazi benefactor and publisher Hugo Bruckmann and decorated by
interior designer Gerdy Troost, who decked it out with contemporary
Nazi-approved furniture and 'non-degenerate' art.
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Hitler
liked to show off his apartment to world leaders he was seeking to
impress. The Führer met with Italian dictator Benito Mussolini at
the apartment in 1937 and hosted British Prime Minister Neville
Chamberlain there the following year.
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According
to historians, Hitler's girlfriend, Eva Braun, would show friends
this 1938 photograph of Chamberlain in the apartment, whispering,
“if only he knew what goings-on that sofa has seen!” The
building is still standing and currently houses the Munich Pólice
HQ.
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Reich
Chancellery, Berlin: Hitler's official residence
When
Hitler gave himself the title of Führer in 1934, he commandeered
the former president's private apartment in the Reich Chancellery
and renamed it the Führerwohnung (leader's apartment).
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The
Nazi despot was unimpressed with the space, and while he thought it
could pass as a suitable HQ for “a soap company”, Hitler deemed
the private apartments unbefitting for a leader of his stature.
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Hitler
set about remodeling the residence and called upon the services of
his personal architect Albert Speer, who went on to oversee
extensive slave labor works during World War II.
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Hitler
would spend time with his lover Eva Braun in the official
residence, but their liaisons were discreet and unpublicized. The
Nazi leader, who believed he was irresistible to the opposite sex,
thought that the women of the Reich would be traumatized if they
discovered he wasn't single.
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Always
eager to keep his relationship with Braun hush-hush, Hitler forced
her to use a back entrance to enter and leave the Reich Chancellery
and was cautious never to be spotted in public with his lover.
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During
the period Hitler resided in Berlin, Braun attempted suicide. In
1935, the Nazi leader's mistress took an overdose of sleeping
pills. It was Braun's second attempt to kill herself – she'd
already tried to take her own life in 1932.
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Braun
was frequently unhappy about the secretive nature of her
relationship with Hitler and the fact the couple couldn't get
married. They were often apart, and it was during these periods of
separation that Braun attempted to take her own life.
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Berghof,
Berchtesgarden: Hitler's country retreat
Though
Hitler spent a fair amount of time at the Reich Chancellery during
World War II, the Führer's preferred base was the Berghof, his
idyllic country retreat near Berchtesgarden in Southern Germany's
Bavarian Alps.
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Hitler
bought the Alpine retreat in 1933, using the royalties he'd amassed
from sales of his autobiography Mein Kampf, and named it the
Berghof following extensive renovations in 1936.
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It
was here that Hitler could really relax, and the Nazi leader was
frequently accompanied by Eva Braun. Away from prying eyes, the
Berghof was one of the few places the couple could openly express
their relationship.
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Hitler's
stays at the Berghof were exploited for propaganda purposes. In an
attempt to soften his brutal image, the Führer was presented as an
idealized country gentleman, fond of children and animals, and
photos of Hitler relaxing at his country estate were commonplace in
German newspapers and magazines at the time.
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Hitler
was often pictured with young children, including a girl called
Bernile Nienau. The Munich-born fraulein met Hitler at a local
rally in 1933, and when she told him they shared the same birthday,
he invited seven-year-old Bernile and her mother to the Berghof.
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Berghof,
Berchtesgarden: Hitler's country retreat
Charmed
by the child, Hitler grew so fond of Nienau that she was even
described as 'des Führers Kind' (the Führer's child). But Neinau
had a secret. She was a quarter Jewish, and therefore considered
'undesirable' by the Nazi regime.
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Surprisingly,
after Neinau had been denounced, Hitler was reportedly prepared to
overlook Neinau's part-Jewish ancestry, but when the Führer's
right-hand henchman Martin Bormann found out, he banned Neinau and
her mother from the Berghof and pulled all photos of Hitler and the
child from publication
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Neinau
never saw the Führer again, and while she and her family were
spared the horrors of the Holocaust, Neinau died at the tender age
of 17 in Munich's Schwabinger Hospital from polio-related spinal
paralysis.
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Wolf's
Lair, Kętrzyn: Hitler's Eastern Front bolthole
Hitler
had several Führerhauptquartiere (Führer Headquarters) on the
Eastern Front, but the so-called Wolfsschanze or Wolf's Lair
complex in Kętrzyn, modern-day Poland, was his principal command
post and Eastern Front residence.
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In
total, the Nazi leader spent more than 800 days at the Wolf's Lair
during World War II. Hitler's heavily fortified living quarters
were located in a bunker at the northern side of the sprawling
complex.
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Holed
up in his lair, Hitler became convinced he would be poisoned, a not
altogether unlikely prospect. To counter the threat, a team of 15
women from a nearby village were recruited as food tasters.
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On
July 20, 1944, a group of high-ranking Wehrmacht officers,
including aristocrat Claus von Stauffenberg (pictured) tried to
assassinate Hitler by placing a bomb in the Wolf's Lair. Dubbed
'Operation Valkyrie' or the July 20 Plot, the operation was a
tragic failure.
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The
bomb detonated at 12:42 injuring 25 people, three of whom later
died from their injuries. Food taster Margot Wölk heard the
explosion and was convinced Hitler had been killed. Unfortunately,
Hitler survived the assassination attempt. He was saved by a sturdy
table leg, which shielded him from the blast.
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The
retribution was swift and savage. The ringleaders, including Claus
von Stauffenberg, were executed by firing squad and anyone with the
remotest link to the conspiracy was rounded up, tortured and put to
death. As many as 5,000 Germans were executed in the aftermath.
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Fleeing
the advancing Soviet troops, Hitler left the Wolf's Lair for the
last time in November 1944. Out of the 15 food tasters, Margot Wölk
managed to escape but the remaining 14 were not so lucky. They were
rounded up and shot by Soviet troops in January 1945.
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The
Wolf's Lair was destroyed not long after with thousands of tons of
TNT, but the mine fields surrounding the complex were not cleared
until the mid-1950s, and the area remained largely out of bounds
for decades.
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Reich
Chancellery, Berlin: Hitler's official residence
Hitler
carried on living at the official residence of Reich Chancellery
sporadically until the final days of World War II, when along with
Braun and his closest confidants and colleagues, he retreated to
the Führerbunker, the VIP air raid shelter located near the Reich
Chancellery.
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The
Red Army closing in, Hitler agreed to marry his lover and Braun
finally got her wish on April 28, 1945. Two days later, the couple
committed suicide: Hitler shot himself in the head and Braun bit
into a vial of cyanide.
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Their
bodies were burned in the gardens of the Reich Chancellery. By May
1945, the building was all-but destroyed and not long after World
War II, the remnants of the Reich Chancellery were demolished by
Soviet troops.